/* Pentana Stanton / Article (single post) template Same system as the Meet the Team, Insights and practice pages: navy hero with the faint grid and gold glow, white and cream sections, Cormorant + Inter, square 2px buttons, gold hairlines. The dynamic parts are real Elementor widgets (post title, excerpt, date, featured image, author box, post content, Posts, the global enquiry form). These rules restyle their markup, so every selector is written .pspt.pspt (0,3,x) or deeper to outrank Elementor's widget CSS and the site kit. Article prose rules only touch DIRECT children of the post-content widget, so the embedded blocks (Key takeaways, Quick answer, CTA, FAQ) keep their structure and are restyled explicitly below. Scoped under .pspt. */.pspt { --navy: #0f2a44; --navy-deep: #0a1f33; --gold: #c9a961; --gold-soft: #d4b97a; --gold-accent: #a8864a; --gold-text: #86683a; --cream: #f8f5ef; --line: #e2daca; --ink: #2a2a2a; --grey: #5f5f5f; --studio: #ecebe8; --on-navy-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78); --on-navy-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55); --hair-navy: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14); --serif: 'Cormorant Garamond', 'Playfair Display', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; --sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif; --ease: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.1, 1); --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1); --max: 1200px; --gutter: clamp(20px, 5vw, 48px); --inline: max(var(--gutter), calc((100% - var(--max)) / 2)); --stick: 32px; font-family: var(--sans); color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.6; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; }/* ---------- Reset ---------- */ .pspt *, .pspt *::before, .pspt *::after { box-sizing: border-box; } .pspt :where(h1, h2, h3, h4, p, ul, ol, li, figure, nav, details, summary) { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .pspt :where(ul, ol) { list-style: none; } .pspt :where(a), .pspt :where(a):hover, .pspt :where(a):focus { text-decoration: none; color: inherit; } /* Site kit styles bare `button` at (0,1,1) and its states at up to (0,3,0). */ .pspt.pspt :is(button) { font: inherit; color: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; border-radius: 0; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; text-shadow: none; box-shadow: none; min-height: 0; cursor: pointer; -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; } .pspt.pspt :is(button):is(:hover, :focus, :focus-visible, :active) { background-color: transparent; color: inherit; border-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; } .pspt :focus { outline: none; } .pspt :focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--gold); outline-offset: 4px; }/* Elementor containers: drop the kit's default padding and gaps; every layout below is explicit. */ .pspt.e-con, .pspt .e-con { --padding-top: 0px; --padding-bottom: 0px; --padding-left: 0px; --padding-right: 0px; --margin-top: 0px; --margin-bottom: 0px; --gap: 0px; --row-gap: 0px; --column-gap: 0px; --widgets-spacing: 0px; --widgets-spacing-row: 0px; --widgets-spacing-column: 0px; --content-width: 100%; --container-max-width: none; --width: 100%; --display: flex; --flex-direction: column; display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 0; gap: 0; min-height: 0; max-width: none; } .pspt.pspt-hero { display: block; } .pspt.pspt .elementor-widget, .pspt.pspt .elementor-widget:where(:not(:last-child)) { margin: 0; margin-block-end: 0; }/* ---------- Shared type ---------- */ .pspt-label { display: block; font: 500 12px/1.3 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-text); } .pspt-rule { display: block; width: 28px; height: 1px; margin-bottom: 18px; background: var(--gold); } .pspt-head { margin-bottom: clamp(32px, 4.4vw, 52px); } .pspt-head__title { margin-top: 12px; max-width: 30ch; font: 400 clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px)/1.15 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.01em; color: var(--navy-deep); } .pspt-head__title em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-accent); }.pspt.pspt .pspt-btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 10px; padding: 14px 24px; border: 1px solid transparent; border-radius: 2px; font: 500 13px/1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; transition: background-color 220ms ease, color 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-btn--gold { background-color: var(--gold); border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--navy-deep); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-btn--gold:is(:hover, :focus-visible) { background-color: transparent; border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--gold-soft); }/* Reading progress line (sits under the WordPress admin bar when logged in) */ .pspt-progress { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 9990; height: 3px; pointer-events: none; } .pspt-progress span { display: block; height: 100%; background: var(--gold); transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: 0 50%; } body.admin-bar .pspt-progress { top: 32px; } @media (max-width: 782px) { body.admin-bar .pspt-progress { top: 46px; } }/* ---------- Hero ---------- */ .pspt.pspt-hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; color: #fff; background: radial-gradient(120% 80% at 80% 20%, rgba(201, 169, 97, 0.08), transparent 60%), linear-gradient(180deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-deep) 100%); } .pspt.pspt-hero::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; pointer-events: none; opacity: 0.6; mix-blend-mode: normal; background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.025) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.025) 1px, transparent 1px); background-size: 80px 80px; -webkit-mask-image: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, #000 30%, transparent 80%); mask-image: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, #000 30%, transparent 80%); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__grid { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 7fr) minmax(0, 5fr); gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 96px); align-items: center; padding: clamp(56px, 7vw, 96px) var(--inline) clamp(64px, 8vw, 104px); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; min-width: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__text > .elementor-widget { width: 100%; } .pspt-crumbs { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 26px; font: 500 11px/1.4 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--on-navy-3); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-crumbs a { color: var(--on-navy-3); transition: color 0.3s var(--ease); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-crumbs a:hover { color: #fff; } .pspt-crumbs__sep { opacity: 0.6; } .pspt-kicker { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 6px 12px; min-height: 16px; font: 500 12px/1.3 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--on-navy-3); } .pspt-kicker__label { color: var(--gold-soft); } .pspt-kicker__label:not(:empty) + .pspt-kicker__time:not(:empty)::before { content: '\00B7'; margin-right: 12px; color: var(--gold); }.pspt.pspt .pspt-title { margin-top: 16px; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-title .elementor-heading-title { max-width: 22ch; margin: 0; padding: 0; font: 400 clamp(34px, 3.9vw, 54px)/1.1 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.02em; text-transform: none; color: #fff; text-wrap: balance; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-lede { margin-top: 22px; max-width: 58ch; font: 300 clamp(16px, 1.25vw, 18px)/1.7 var(--sans); color: var(--on-navy-2); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-lede p { margin: 0; font: inherit; color: inherit; }.pspt.pspt .pspt-byline { display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 12px 22px; width: 100%; max-width: 58ch; margin-top: 32px; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid var(--hair-navy); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline > .elementor-widget { width: auto; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline .elementor-author-box { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline .elementor-author-box__avatar { flex: none; margin: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline .elementor-author-box__avatar img { display: block; width: 44px; height: 44px; margin: 0; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(201, 169, 97, 0.55); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline .elementor-author-box__name { margin: 0; font: 500 15px/1.3 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.01em; text-transform: none; color: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline .elementor-author-box__bio, .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline .elementor-author-box__button { display: none; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-date { padding-left: 22px; border-left: 1px solid var(--hair-navy); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-date .elementor-heading-title { margin: 0; font: 400 14px/1.3 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.01em; text-transform: none; color: var(--on-navy-3); }.pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__media { position: relative; min-width: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__img { position: relative; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__img::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 16px -16px -16px 16px; border: 1px solid rgba(201, 169, 97, 0.5); pointer-events: none; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__img img { position: relative; display: block; width: 100%; max-width: none; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; margin: 0; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 30%; border-radius: 2px; box-shadow: 0 40px 80px -40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); } .pspt.pspt-hero.pspt-hero--noimg .pspt-hero__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); } .pspt.pspt-hero.pspt-hero--noimg .pspt-hero__media { display: none; }.pspt-hero [data-rise] { animation: pspt-rise 0.9s var(--ease-out) both; animation-delay: calc(var(--i, 0) * 90ms + 60ms); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-byline { animation: pspt-rise 0.9s var(--ease-out) 0.3s both; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-hero__media { animation: pspt-fade 1.2s var(--ease-out) 0.1s both; }/* ---------- Body: article + sticky aside ---------- */ .pspt.pspt-body { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 740px) 300px; justify-content: space-between; align-items: start; column-gap: clamp(48px, 7vw, 112px); padding: clamp(56px, 7vw, 96px) var(--inline) clamp(72px, 9vw, 120px); background: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-main { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-aside { position: sticky; top: var(--stick); display: block; min-width: 0; } body.admin-bar .pspt.pspt .pspt-aside { top: calc(var(--stick) + 32px); }/* Article prose (direct children of the post content widget) */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article { font: 400 17px/1.8 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > * { margin: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > * + * { margin-top: 1.2em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > p { font: 400 17px/1.8 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(h2, h3) { margin-top: 2.3em; scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--stick) + 8px); font: 500 clamp(26px, 2.3vw, 32px)/1.2 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-transform: none; color: var(--navy-deep); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(h2, h3)::before { content: ''; display: block; width: 28px; height: 1px; margin-bottom: 18px; background: var(--gold); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > h4, .pspt.pspt .pspt-article.pspt-article--h2 > h3 { margin-top: 1.9em; scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--stick) + 8px); font: 600 17.5px/1.45 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0; text-transform: none; color: var(--navy); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article.pspt-article--h2 > h3::before { display: none; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(h2, h3, h4) + * { margin-top: 0.7em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(p, ul, ol, h2, h3, h4, blockquote, figure, table, div:not([class])) a { color: var(--navy); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: rgba(168, 134, 74, 0.6); text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; transition: color 0.25s var(--ease), text-decoration-color 0.25s var(--ease); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(p, ul, ol, h2, h3, h4, blockquote, figure, table, div:not([class])) a:hover { color: var(--gold-text); text-decoration-color: var(--gold); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(p, ul, ol, blockquote, table, figure) :is(strong, b) { font-weight: 600; color: var(--navy-deep); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(ul, ol) { padding: 0; list-style: none; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(ul, ol) > li { position: relative; margin: 0; padding-left: 28px; font: inherit; color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(ul, ol) > li + li { margin-top: 0.55em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > ul > li::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 2px; top: 0.9em; width: 12px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold-accent); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > ol { counter-reset: pspt-ol; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > ol > li { counter-increment: pspt-ol; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > ol > li::before { content: counter(pspt-ol) '.'; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; font: italic 500 19px/1.6 var(--serif); color: var(--gold-accent); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > figure { margin-top: 2em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > figure + * { margin-top: 2em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .wp-block-image img, .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > p > img { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0; border-radius: 2px; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > blockquote { padding: 4px 0 4px 24px; border-left: 2px solid var(--gold); font: italic 400 22px/1.5 var(--serif); color: var(--navy-deep); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > blockquote p { margin: 0; font: inherit; color: inherit; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > hr { height: 1px; margin-block: 2.4em; border: 0; background: var(--line); }/* Tables */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > :is(figure.wp-block-table, table) { overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article table { width: 100%; min-width: 480px; margin: 0; border-collapse: collapse; border: 0; font: 400 15px/1.55 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article :is(th, td) { padding: 12px 14px; border: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: none; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article :is(thead th, thead td, tr:first-child th) { background: var(--cream); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gold); font-weight: 600; color: var(--navy-deep); }/* Embedded block: Key takeaways (Summaraize plugin) */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > .summaraize-wrap { margin: 0 0 2.2em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize { margin: 0; padding: 28px 32px 30px; background: var(--cream); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-top: 2px solid var(--gold); border-radius: 2px; color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize .summaraize-title { margin: 0 0 16px; font: 500 12px/1.3 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-text); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize :is(ul, ol) { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize li { position: relative; margin: 0; padding-left: 26px; font: 400 15.5px/1.65 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize li:hover { color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize li + li { margin-top: 10px; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .summaraize li::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0.85em; width: 12px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold-accent); }/* Embedded block: Quick answer */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > .bb-aeo-block { margin-block: 2.4em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-block { border-radius: 2px; background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-deep) 100%); box-shadow: none; overflow: hidden; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-inner { padding: clamp(28px, 4vw, 44px); color: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-label { margin: 0 0 12px; font: 500 12px/1.3 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-soft); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-title { margin: 0 0 18px; font: 400 clamp(24px, 2.2vw, 30px)/1.2 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-transform: none; color: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-text { margin: 0 0 14px; font: 300 16px/1.75 var(--sans); color: var(--on-navy-2); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-list { margin: 18px 0 0; padding-left: 20px; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-list li { margin-bottom: 10px; font: 300 16px/1.65 var(--sans); color: var(--on-navy-2); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-footnote { margin: 20px 0 0; padding-top: 16px; border-top: 1px solid var(--hair-navy); font: 400 14px/1.6 var(--sans); color: var(--on-navy-3); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-block :is(strong, b) { font-weight: 500; color: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-aeo-block a { color: var(--gold-soft); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }/* Embedded block: mid-article call to action */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article > .bb-cta-block { margin-block: 2.8em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-cta-block { padding: clamp(32px, 5vw, 52px) clamp(24px, 4.4vw, 48px); border-radius: 2px; text-align: left; box-shadow: none; background: radial-gradient(120% 90% at 90% 0%, rgba(201, 169, 97, 0.14), transparent 60%), linear-gradient(180deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-deep) 100%); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-cta-inner { max-width: 560px; margin: 0; color: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-cta-title { margin: 0 0 14px; font: 400 clamp(26px, 2.4vw, 32px)/1.18 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-transform: none; color: #fff; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-cta-text { margin: 0 0 12px; font: 300 16px/1.75 var(--sans); color: var(--on-navy-2); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-cta-button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; margin-top: 18px; padding: 14px 24px; border: 1px solid var(--gold); border-radius: 2px; background: var(--gold); color: var(--navy-deep); font: 500 13px/1.35 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; text-align: center; transition: background-color 220ms ease, color 220ms ease; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article .bb-cta-button:is(:hover, :focus-visible) { background: transparent; color: var(--gold-soft); }/* Embedded block: Rank Math FAQ, as an accordion (post.js adds the toggles; without JS every answer shows). Markup: #rank-math-faq > .rank-math-list > .rank-math-list-item > h3.rank-math-question + .rank-math-answer. The site's Additional CSS styles the question with !important at (1,1,0), so the few overrides that must win carry !important at (1,4,0). */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq.rank-math-block { max-width: none; margin: 1em 0 0; padding: 0; background: none; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--navy-deep); border-radius: 0; box-shadow: none; font-family: var(--sans); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-list { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-list-item { margin: 0; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-question { display: block; position: static; margin: 0 !important; padding: 22px 56px 22px 0; font: 600 17px/1.45 var(--sans) !important; letter-spacing: 0; text-transform: none; color: var(--navy-deep) !important; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-question::before, .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-question::after { content: none; display: none; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-question strong { font-weight: inherit; color: inherit; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-answer { margin: 0; padding: 0 56px 24px 0; font: 400 16px/1.75 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-answer p { margin: 0; font: inherit; color: inherit; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-answer p + p { margin-top: 0.8em; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq .rank-math-answer a { color: var(--navy); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: rgba(168, 134, 74, 0.6); text-underline-offset: 3px; }/* Accordion state (only once post.js has run) */ .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq.pspt-faq .rank-math-question { padding: 0; } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq.pspt-faq .pspt-faq__toggle { position: relative; display: block; width: 100%; padding: 22px 56px 22px 0; text-align: left; font: inherit; color: inherit; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; cursor: pointer; transition: color 0.25s var(--ease); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq.pspt-faq .pspt-faq__toggle:hover { color: var(--gold-text); } .pspt.pspt .pspt-article #rank-math-faq.pspt-faq .pspt-faq__toggle:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--gold); outline-offset: 2px; } .pspt-faq__icon { position: absolute; top: 50%; right: 4px; width: 30px; height: 30px; margin-top: -15px; border: 1px solid rgba(168, 134, 74, 0.55); border-radius: 50%; transition: background-color 0.3s var(--ease), border-color 0.3s var(--ease); } .pspt-faq__icon::before, .pspt-faq__icon::after { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; width: 11px; height: 1px; margin: -0.5px 0 0 -5.5px; background: var(--gold-accent); transition: transform 0.35s var(--ease-out), background-color 0.3s var(--ease); } .pspt-faq__icon::after { transform: rotate(90deg); } .pspt-faq .is-open .pspt-faq__icon { background: var(--navy-deep); border-color: var(--navy-deep); } .pspt-faq .is-open .pspt-faq__icon::before, .pspt-faq .is-open .pspt-faq__icon::after { background: var(--gold-soft); 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案件摘要 – 申请暂缓执行最终家庭法命令

”法院裁定,虽然在有限的情况下,保留上诉权可作为部分中止的理由,但更广泛的适用缺乏法律依据。关于偏见的指控必须有确凿的证据支持,而不仅仅是不同意某项裁决。在进行无理申请的过程中,申请人滥用了司法时间和资源,从而导致了费用令的产生”。- Dekker & Rapallino (No 2) [2024] FedCFamC1F 726

Dekker & Rapallino(第2号)[2024] FedCFamC1F 726

导言

澳大利亚联邦巡回法院和家事法院(第 1 庭)在Dekker 诉 Rapallino(第 2 号)[2024] FedCFamC1F 726 案中审理了 Rapallino 女士的一项申请,该申请要求暂缓执行最终财产令,并要求 Hartnett 法官因被控存在偏见而回避。法院驳回了她的诉求,拒绝完全暂停执行命令,但批准在上诉期间部分暂停执行命令。该案强调了有关司法偏见、中止申请和费用令的主要法律原则,重申司法回避需要很高的证据门槛,仅对判决不满并不能确定存在偏见。该案还强调了保持程序完整性的重要性,确保只有在特殊情况下才批准中止申请,并追究诉讼当事人对给法律系统造成负担的未经证实的主张的责任。

背景介绍

争议源于 2024 年 7 月 11 日在双方财务结算程序结束后发布的最终财产令。除其他事项外,命令还要求:

  • 将维多利亚州的前婚姻住所转让给申请人(妻子),条件是她在 60 天内向被告(丈夫)支付 169 910 美元。
  • 如果不付款,财产将被出售,所得收益将按照商定的条款进行分配。
  • 分割双方的养老金,从申请人的养老金中划拨 50 000 美元给被告。
  • 分别保留个人资产和负债。

在这些命令下达后,申请人于 2024 年 8 月 8 日提交了一份上诉通知书,对整个最终财产命令提出异议。为了推迟命令的执行,她申请暂缓执行,并分别申请哈特内特法官回避,声称她在处理此案时存在偏见。

2024 年 10 月 1 日,答辩人通过其律师提出在没有法院干预的情况下部分暂停执行命令,并 提议在上诉裁决之前不强制执行房屋出售。然而,申请人拒绝了这一提议,认为这是不公平的,并声称强加给她的经济义务是 ”欺诈 ”活动的结果。

2024 年 10 月 21 日,法庭听取了关于中止申请和回避申请的辩论。

关键法律问题和法院面临的问题

法院必须考虑

  1. 暂缓执行最终财产令:根据有关家庭法事务中中止申请的既定原则,申请人是否有足够的理由证明在其上诉有结果之前中止最终财产令。
  2. 司法偏见与回避:申请人是否证明哈特内特法官存在实际或预期的偏见,从而使其有理由回避诉讼,适用澳大利亚判例法规定的法律门槛。
  3. 訟費令與瑣屑無聊的訴訟:根据《1975 年家庭法法案》(澳大利亚联邦)第117条,申请人在缺乏确凿证据的情况下提出中止申请和回避动议,是否构成对其不利的讼费令的正当理由? 1975 年《家庭法》(澳大利亚联邦)第 117 条对其不利的费用令。.

判例和引用的先例

法院在确定法律问题时参考了几个主要权威:

保持应用:

  1. Aldridge & Keaton(中止上诉)[2009] FamCAFC 106– 有关家庭法案件中中止申请的既定原则。

链接完整案例

  • Nikolaidis 诉法律服务专员[2005] NSWCA 91 案–确认不应轻易采取批准中止诉讼的法院干预措施,并要求提供强有力的理由。

链接完整案例

司法偏见:

  1. Ebner v Official Trustee in Bankruptcy [2000] HCA 63;(2000) 205 CLR 337– 界定了是否存在偏见的检验标准:一个公正的非专业观察者是否会认为法官可能不会公正地审理案件。

链接完整案例

  • Johnson v Johnson [2000] HCA 48;(2000) 201 CLR 488– 澄清了仅对法官的裁决不满并不构成偏见。

链接完整案例

  • Isbester 诉诺克斯市议会 [2015] HCA 20;(2015)255 CLR 135– 讨论了确定法官在案件中的利益与潜在偏见之间的逻辑联系的重要性。

链接完整案例

  • Re JRL;Ex parte CJL [1986] HCA 39;(1986) 161 CLR 342– 强调所怀疑的偏见必须 ”确凿成立”,并有充分理由。

链接完整案例

费用令:

  1. Munday v Bowman (1997) FLC 92-784– 处理涉及琐屑或无理取闹诉讼案件的赔偿费用。
  2. Colgate-Palmolive Co and Anor v Cussons Pty Ltd [1993] FCA 801– 概述了有理由判给赔偿费用的因素,如毫无根据的指控和不适当地延长诉讼程序。
  3. PBF 作为 AF 的儿童代表(塔斯马尼亚法律援助委员会)与 TRF 和 LKL [2005] FamCA 158;(2005 年)33 Fam LR 123– 确认单一因素,如不合理的诉讼行为,可能足以证明不利的费用令是合理的。

链接完整案例

有关引用案例的完整清单,请参阅判决书全文。

法院的裁决

  1. 中止申请:法院拒绝中止全部最终财产令。不过,法院批准了部分中止执行某些命令,以确保上诉程序不会徒劳无功。
  2. 回避申请:法院驳回了申请人关于实际和预期偏见的申诉,认为申请人的指控证据不足,是基于个人不满而非法律依据。
  3. 费用令:命令申请人支付被申请人 8,623.97 美元的费用,因为她的申请被认为没有法律依据且缺乏适当的法律依据。

法律影响和先例摘要

这一裁决加强了以下原则,即暂缓执行最终命令是一种特殊的补救措施,只有在上诉可能无效的情况下才会批准。仅仅对判决不满是不够的。该案还重申了确定实际或预期偏见所需的高门槛,强调法官应积极主动地管理案件,并在诉讼过程中表达初步意见,这并不等于偏见。此外,该案还可作为滥用法院资源的警示范例,因为法院可能会在申请毫无根据的情况下下达不利的费用令,尤其是当诉讼当事人无理取闹或拒绝合理的和解提议时。

关键词

  • 家庭法
  • 财产结算
  • 中止命令
  • 司法偏见
  • 回避
  • 费用令
  • 澳大利亚联邦巡回法院和家事法院
  • 上诉程序

结论和行动呼吁

Dekker & Rapallino 律师事务所强调了家庭法纠纷的复杂性,特别是在财产分配、司法偏见索赔和中止诉讼申请方面。它强调了有理有据的法律策略的必要性,因为毫无根据的主张和程序错误可能会导致严重的经济和法律后果,包括不利的费用命令。该案强化了司法回避的高门槛、可获准中止命令的有限情形以及提出未经证实的申诉的后果。

对于面临家庭法律纠纷的个人而言,获得专业的法律代表至关重要。Pentana Stanton 律师事务所 提供战略性的法律建议,以有效地处理复杂的事务。无论您是需要财产和解、上诉还是法律权利评估方面的援助,我们的团队都随时准备为您提供帮助。

立即联系我们,进行保密咨询,确保您的合法权益得到保护。

关于作者
Picture of Jesse LaGreca
Jesse LaGreca
Jesse LaGreca is a Partner and Principal Solicitor at Pentana Stanton Lawyers, admitted to practise before the Supreme Court of Victoria and the High Court of Australia. A graduate of Monash University (Law) and La Trobe University (Business), Jesse specialises in commercial law, family law, and professional negligence, with particular expertise in complex property disputes and advising entrepreneurs and growing businesses. His practical, results-driven approach — spanning advisory work through to court advocacy — ensures clients receive comprehensive representation at every stage of their matter.
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